Our facial bone structure influences how others perceive us - more specifically, our physical aesthetics. One of the most prominent features of facial aesthetics is the jawline. The jawline plays a crucial role in balancing facial proportions, facial profile, and defining the lower face. With age, and under the influence of gravity, soft tissues, especially of the face, gradually shift downwards causing the skin to lose its elasticity. One of the first signs of ageing is the

Regional blocking techniques have proved to be invaluable in anaesthesia and as with any procedure, regardless surgical or non-surgical, a good understanding of anatomy is imperative. The advent of facial surgery and more complicated aesthetic facial procedures has increased the demand for anaesthesia support; therefore, a practitioner should always be equipped with a fail-safe method, and be aware of the effectiveness and shortcomings of all the various modalities available

Facial beauty, specifically of the periorbital complex, is one the most important component of physical attractiveness, non-verbal communication, as well as a reflective of chronological age. Conventionally, rejuvenation of the eye area meant the need for invasive surgical treatments, but in recent years, minimally and non-invasive procedures have increasingly become the first-line treatment option; although the need for surgical intervention may be necessary for advanced cas

The perception of beauty and aesthetics are not only shaped by external factors such as trends, press and social media, but also by personal experiences and expectations. Over the years, one of the areas most commonly performed in aesthetics is the face; of which, the lower third has become increasingly popular, both in men and women. When planning treatment, it is important for a practitioner to understand that gender differences with regards to the anatomy, histology of har