Introduction The periorbital region is key to facial aesthetics, and aging often leads to skin laxity, orbital fat pseudo-herniation, malar bags, and festoons. Lower eyelid blepharoplasty addresses these changes via transconjunctival  (fat-focused) or transcutaneous  (skin excision and canthopexy) approaches. Extended lower blepharoplasty  combines eyelid and midface rejuvenation, extending the skin–muscle flap below the orbital rim and securing it to the lateral canthal per

Introduction Penile rejuvenation is an evolving field in urology aimed at addressing erectile dysfunction (ED), Peyronie’s disease, and age-related structural penile changes. While phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), intracavernosal injections, and surgical interventions remain foundational, they often address only symptoms rather than underlying tissue degeneration. Regenerative medicine strategies—particularly Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) injections and stem cell the

Introduction Infraorbital hollowness remains one of the most technically demanding indications for hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection. Despite its apparent simplicity, treatment of the infraorbital groove carries a disproportionately high risk of aesthetic dissatisfaction and vascular complications when anatomical diagnosis is inadequate. Contemporary evidence increasingly supports an anatomy-first, diagnosis-driven approach  rather than a purely technique-based one. Rece

An Educational Review Based on Clinical Analysis by Yong-Seon Hwang, Taek-Kyun Kim, Dong-Jun Yang, Si-Hyong Jang, Da-Woon Lee Introduction Silicone implants are commonly used in rhinoplasty due to their stability and ease of manipulation. However, long‑term implantation can be associated with complications, including inflammation, capsular contracture, implant deformation, and notably, periprosthetic calcification. Although calcification has been documented in other silicone